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The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) has begun a public inquiry into mortgage closing costs, claiming that so-called “junk fees” are inflating these costs.

The agency issued a request for information regarding which fees are subject to competition, how fees are set and who profits from them, and how fees are changing and how they affect consumers. The CFPB is also seeking data input on how closing costs affect housing affordability, access to homeownership and home equity.

The CFPB stated the median total loan costs for home mortgages increased by over 36% from 2021 to 2023. In launching its inquiry, the CFPB claimed the closing costs fees can limit both borrowers from gaining access to credit and lenders from being able to offer competitive mortgages.

As part of its inquiry, the CFPB cited credit report costs and title insurance as “junk fees.” However, the CFPB did not cite specific companies as being primary offenders in this issue.

CFPB Director Rohit Chopra opined, “Junk fees and excessive closing costs can drain down payments and push up monthly mortgage costs.” Chopra added that along with the public, “the CFPB is particularly interested in hearing from consumers, industry participants, social services organizations, small business owners, consumer rights and advocacy organizations, legal aid attorneys, academics and researchers, and state and local government officials.”